[55] Jackson responded, "I ask you, Louisianans, can we place any confidence in the honor of men who have courted an alliance with pirates and robbers? Although the handbills were made in Lafitte's name, Ramsay believes "it is unlikely [the handbills] originated with him". One of Lafitte's men testified that the Baratarians had never intended to fight the US but had prepared their vessels to flee. Lui qui disait que son esprit s'tait "intgr l'absolu et son corps dissous en lui" nous a laiss une oeuvre majeure o . They were most likely businessmen in New Orleans or independent privateers before becoming associated with the smuggling and piracy. Jean Lafitte proved to be a very successful business man and by day, ran a blacksmith repair shop and by night, the shop turned into a drop point for the Lafitte brothers smuggling operation. Within two days of Lafitte's notes, Pierre "escaped" from jail. Jean Lafitte (c.1780 c.1823) was a French pirate and privateer who operated in the Gulf of Mexico in the early 19th century. [76] Lafitte forged letters of marque from an imaginary nation to fraudulently authorize all the ships sailing from Galveston as privateers. In late 1815 and early 1816, the Lafitte brothers agreed to act as spies for Spain, which was embroiled in the Mexican War of Independence. Pierre Lafitte also spied for Spain and commanded artillery units. After securing victory, Jackson paid tribute in despatches to the Laffite brothers' efforts, as well as those of their fellow privateers. His reading and writing abilities, therefore, remain unclear. Contient entre autres les textes (complets) suivants : Bertrade, Comdie, par Jules Lermatre (9 p.,). Lafitte was granted a commission and given a new ship, a 40-ton schooner named General Santander. The ship would sail to the mouth of Bayou Lafourche, load the contraband goods, and sail "legally" back to New Orleans, with goods listed on a certified manifest. [citation needed] Since 1957, the city of Lake Charles, Louisiana, devotes an annual festival, Contraband Days, to Lafitte. [30] The proclamation was printed in the nationally read Niles' Weekly Register. Over the next few months, the British Navy increased patrols in the Gulf of Mexico, and by August they had established a base at Pensacola. He and his older brother, Pierre, patrolled the Gulf of Mexico as . He was four years younger than his more capable brother, Pierre. The smugglers wounded one of the officers and safely escaped with the contraband. [65] Ships operating from Galveston flew the flag of Mexico, but they did not participate in the revolution. [88] In October or November 1821, Lafitte's ship was ambushed as he attempted to ransom a recent prize. Omoa was the site of the largest Spanish fort in Central America, built to guard the Spanish silver shipments from the mines of Tegucigalpa to overseas destinations. Jean Lafitte, Jr. (Cadet) was a merchant and military officer who died in New Orleans on September 25, 1789, and was interred at St. Peter Cemetery, New Orleans. [12] Seamen flocked to the island, working on the docks or at the warehouses until they were chosen as crew for one of the privateers. [56] On land and sea, the former pirate gunners earned praise as the battle continued. Many of the smugglers wanted to lynch the British men, but Lafitte intervened and placed guards outside his home to ensure their protection. By 1810, the island had become a booming port. [60], On December 23, advance units of the British fleet reached the Mississippi River. He has found families with the surname Lafitte in Louisiana documents dating as early as 1765. [17], Based in New Orleans, Pierre Lafitte served as a silent partner, looking after their interests in the city. By some accounts, he was born in the French colony of San Domingo, which is now Haiti. [15] As the schooner did not have an official commission from a national government, its captain was considered a pirate operating illegally. Many of the smugglers wanted to lynch the British men, but Lafitte intervened and placed guards outside his home to ensure their protection. [49] It had approximately 1,000 unseasoned troops and two ships for its use. [19] When Claiborne returned to office, he was relatively quiet on the subject. [63], Lafitte essentially developed Galveston Island as another smuggling base. [8], Biographer William C. Davis suggests a different childhood for Lafitte. [18], The brothers soon acquired a third ship, La Diligent. On January 21, Jackson issued a statement praising his troops, especially the cannoneers and "Captains Dominique and Beluche, lately commanding privateers of Barataria, with part of their former crews and many brave citizens of New Orleans, were stationed at Nos. Most of his men had believed that Lafitte had a valid privateering commission although there was confusion as to which country had issued it. This has become the common spelling in the United States, including places named after him.[1]. Mon panier 0 + 4500 RFRENCES EN STOCK . On April 18, he sailed for New Orleans to report his activities. [31], As the smuggling operations reduced the amount of revenue collected by customs offices, American authorities were determined to halt business at Barataria. [75][Note 1], The remainder of the crew rejoined Lafitte, who finally acknowledged that he did not have a valid commission. [52] With Lafitte's encouragement, many of his men joined the New Orleans militia or as sailors to man the ships. Jean Lafitte is one of the most famous people in New Orleans history, known as a pirate, a war hero and the namesake of many New Orleans landmarks. Jean was sent to Galveston Island, a part of Spanish Texas that served as the home base of Louis-Michel Aury, a French privateer who claimed to be a Mexican revolutionary. He requested approval to raise a militia company to "disperse those desperate men on Lake Barataria whose piracies have rendered our shores a terror to neutral flags". Laffite is believed to have been born either in Basque-France or the French colony of Saint-Domingue in the Caribbean. They submitted booty from captured British ships to the American authorities at New Orleans, and booty from all other ships was often channeled for sale on the markets through Lafitte's operation. Le Gers, chemin faisant, Jean-Roger Bourrec, J.B. Lafitte, Gypaete Eds. From 1817-20, Lafitte headquartered his smuggling business on Galveston Island, which was then part of Spanish Texas. British forces sought access to the Mississippi River to gain control of the interior of the US. It was, at least initially, relatively free of scrutiny from any of the governments in the region. [81]. 5 , Mexican outpost further south along the Gulf Coast, Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve, Sam Houston Regional Library and Research Center, List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the president of the United States, "FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS: GENERAL QUESTIONS", "Jean Laffite as a Father | Historia Obscura", "The Legend of Jean LaFoote Advertising Week 360 AW360", "Cinnamon Crunch (Cap'n Crunch) Cereal | MrBreakfast.com", "Then and Now: Lafitte's Anchor at Disneyland Park", "20 Things You May Not Know About Disneyland's Pirates of the Caribbean Ride", "History and a Behind the Scenes Look at the Pirates of the Caribbean Attraction in Disneyland", "Why is the Name Jean Lafitte Everywhere at Disneyland", History of the second war between the United States of America and Great Britain: declared by act of Congress, the 18th of June, 1812, and concluded by peace, the 15th of February, 1815, Jean Lafitte: Gentleman Pirate of New Orleans, "Jean LaFitte's piratical topsail schooner", History, photos and movies about Jean Lafitte, Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law, Jim Hawkins and the Curse of Treasure Island, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jean_Lafitte&oldid=1139647857, Recipients of American presidential pardons, Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from July 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, pirate, privateer, spy, naval artillery officer, slave trader. According to his 2005 book, Lafitte was born in or near Pauillac, France, the son of Pierre Lafitte and his second wife, Marguerite Desteil. "[45], Following the custom of the times, Patterson filed a legal claim for the profits from the confiscated ships and merchandise. In the popular Japanese manga/anime series, Jean Laffite is a character in the historical fiction novels, Jean Lafitte is a character in the (2014) science-fiction, mystery novel, Tom Cooper uses Lafitte's and treasure in his novel. The American warship which captured him turned Lafitte over to the local authorities, who promptly released him. The Americans took custody of six schooners, one felucca, and a brig, as well as 20 cannon and goods worth $500,000. Britain maintained a powerful navy, but the United States had little naval power. [50], In mid-December, Jackson met with Lafitte, who offered to serve if the US would pardon those of his men who agreed to defend the city. [35] Lafitte soon acquired a letter of marque from Cartagena, but never sent any booty there. [11] This was the last year that Napoleon failed to regain control of Saint-Domingue. Pierre was to inform about the situation in New Orleans. [22], Governor William C.C. The headquarters consisted of a two-storey building facing the inland harbor, where landings were made. He refused to allow anyone else to see the original documents until 1969, when he sold them to a professional document dealer. For the town named after him, see. A representative of the smuggler would purchase the slaves at the ensuing auction, and the smuggler would be given half of the purchase price. They married and had two sons together, Jules Jean and Glenn Henri. New Orleans issued six such letters, primarily to smugglers who worked with Lafitte at Barataria. In approximately 1784, his mother married Pedro Aubry, a New Orleans merchant, keeping Jean with her. If you were thoroughly acquainted with the nature of my offenses, I should appear to you much less guilty, and still worthy to discharge the duties of a good citizen. [34] Lafitte was arrested, tried, convicted and jailed on charges of "having knowingly and wittingly aided and assisted, procured, commanded, counselled, and advised" persons to commit acts of piracy". Lafitte essentially developed Galveston Island as another smuggling base. Others formed three artillery companies. He died in 1821 near Dzilam de Bravo in the Yucatn Peninsula . ), Nicolas, p. 277. states that he held a local (acting) rank of Captain of Royal Marines, R.L. Lafitte is believed to have been born either in France or the French colony of Saint-Domingue. After Lafitte's men abducted a Karankawa woman, warriors of her tribe attacked and killed five men of the colony. [34] Biographer Jack Ramsay speculates that the voyage was intended to "establish [Lafitte] as a privateering captain". [95], In the mid-1920s, a private search for the treasure of Lafitte extended to the draining of Indian Bayou. The brothers established a smuggling operation into New Orleans. As part of Mexico, it was outside the authority of the United States, and was largely uninhabited, except by Native American Karankawa. [94] For the first time, Lafitte was legally authorized to take Spanish ships. By 1806, several "Captain Lafitte"s operated in New Orleans; Jean Lafitte was likely one of them. [10] Davis places Lafitte's brother Pierre in Saint-Domingue by the late 1790s and the early 19th century. The United States made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. They submitted booty from captured British ships to the American authorities at New Orleans, while booty from all other ships was often channelled for sale on the markets through Lafitte's operation. Lafitte's Blacksmith Shop is named after him. Catiche became pregnant and gave birth to their son, Jean Pierre, on November 4, 1815. Several of Lafitte's men were arrested and convicted of piracy. Over the next few months, the British Navy increased patrols in the Gulf of Mexico, and by August they had established a base at Pensacola. When Patterson's men went ashore, they met no resistance. The Baratarians. [43] Lafitte's ship grounded in shallow water where the larger British ship could not follow. For the first time, it was made available for research. The law left several loopholes, giving permission to any ship to capture a slave ship, regardless of the country of origin. The festival features actors who portray Lafitte and his pirates. Within weeks, Dorada captured a schooner loaded with goods valued at more than $9,000. Widely publicized, the raid was hailed by the Niles' Weekly Register as "a major conquest for the United States". [50], The US ordered an attack on Lafitte's colony. [28] Biographer Jack Ramsay speculates that the voyage was intended to "establish[Lafitte] as a privateering captain". Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. By midmorning, 10 armed pirate ships formed a battle line in the bay. Robertson was incensed by Lafitte's operation, calling his men "brigands who infest our coast and overrun our country". They had a hideout on Barataria Island in Jefferson Parish where they lay low when indignant American and foreign shippers got too close for comfort. He was buried at sea in the Gulf of Honduras. [90] In late April 1822, Lafitte was captured again after taking his first American ship. The law left several loopholes, giving permission to any ship to capture a slave ship, regardless of the country of origin. According to historian William C. Davis, Laffite began a public relationship with his mistress in 1815, Catherine (Catiche) Villard, a free woman of color. Lafitte visited in March 1817. Claiborne took a leave of absence in September 1810, leaving Thomas B. Robertson as acting governor. Superbe tableau par Jean Lafitte, au sujet d'un Clown. Christina died after the birth of their daughter. Lafitte attempted to take what appeared to be two Spanish merchant vessels on the night of February 4. [44], McWilliam brought two letters in his packet for Lafitte: one, under the seal of King George III, offered Lafitte and his forces British citizenship and land grants in the British colonies in the Americas (by then, these consisted of islands in the Caribbean and territory in Upper and Lower Canada). The American warship which captured him turned Lafitte over to the local authorities, who promptly released him. [2] Other contemporary accounts claim that Lafitte was born in Orduna, Spain or in Westchester, New York. He was accompanied by a Royal Marine infantry captain, John McWilliam,[45][46] who had been given a package to deliver to Lafitte. (Spain had become an ally of the British against the French.) [48] Lafitte had copies of the letters sent to Jean Blanque, a member of the state legislature who had invested in the Barataria operation. In a personal note, Lafitte reminded Blanque that his brother Pierre was still in jail and deserved an early release. [7] Davis places Lafitte's brother Pierre in Saint-Domingue in the late 1790s and the early 19th century. Within two days of his offer, handbills were posted all over New Orleans offering a similar award for the arrest of the governor. [31] The following month, the governor offered a $500 reward for Lafitte's capture. [45] Lafitte was described as, "a man who, for about two years past, has been famous for crimes that the civilized world wars against. Lafitte for a time lived a lavish lifestyle, complete with servants and the finest housewares and other accoutrements.[78]. [76] Almost half of the combined crew refused to sail as pirates; Lafitte allowed them to leave aboard his largest ship, the brig General Victoria. Later, in return for a legal pardon for the smugglers, Lafitte and his comrades helped General Andrew Jackson defend New Orleans against the British in early 1815. Mon compte. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Head Jean Pierre Lafitte Cast Custom Figures WWF WWE Mattel Hasbro Wrestling at the best online prices at eBay! Pierre Lafitte had one other child, also named Pierre, from his first marriage to Marie LaGrange, who died in childbirth. Two fishing communities in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, along Bayou Barataria, were named after him: Jean Lafitte, whose town hall is on Jean Lafitte Boulevard; and a census-designated place (CDP) called Lafitte. In 1812, Lafitte and his men began holding auctions at the Temple, a prehistoric memorial earthwork mound halfway between Grande Terre and New Orleans. The British raised a white flag and launched a small dinghy with several officers. "[100] Given his legendary reputation, there was much speculation about whether, or how, Lafitte had died. En dcembre 2020, il quittera l'antenne. [73] He reportedly took immense amounts of treasure with him, and was accompanied by his mulatto mistress and an infant son. In November 1822, he made news in the American press after escorting an American schooner through the pirate-infested area and providing them with extra cannon balls and food.[96]. [68] Two weeks into his stay, the two leaders of the revolutionaries left the island. Due to escalating violence from the Haitian Revolution, in early 1803 Pierre boarded a refugee ship for New Orleans. He and his elder brother, Pierre, spelled their last name Laffite, but English-language documents of the time used "Lafitte". [74] Lafitte's men buried some of the cargo on the island and ran the captured vessel aground, but an American patrol spotted the ship and after investigating, discovered the buried cargo. They took 80 people captive, but Lafitte escaped safely. Lafitte said he lived in San Diego and had been employed for the last three years as a special investigator for the Federal Bureau of Narcotics. Other documents of the period place his birthplace as St. Malo or Brest. By midmorning, 10 armed pirate ships formed a battle line in the bay. Lafitte and his older brother, Pierre, spent most of their time engaging in piracy in the Gulf of Mexico. On September 13, 1814, Commodore Daniel Patterson set sail aboard the USSCarolina for Barataria. [117] Laflin had been previously accused of forging letters purportedly from Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Jackson, and Davy Crockett. The bay was located beyond a narrow passage between the barrier islands of Grand Terre and Grande Isle. Pierre was the historically less-well-known older brother of Jean Lafitte. In a personal note, Lafitte reminded Blanque that his brother Pierre was still in jail and deserved an early release. 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Still in jail and deserved an early release vessels to flee, par Jules Lermatre ( p.! Lynch the British against the French colony of Saint-Domingue passage between the barrier islands of Grand Terre and Isle... By his mulatto mistress and an infant son 78 ] how, Lafitte reminded Blanque that brother! New ship, regardless of the country of origin men were arrested and of... Who promptly released him. [ 78 ] reminded Blanque that his brother Pierre in Saint-Domingue in region... Of Indian Bayou his activities ransom a recent prize flag of Mexico in the French. English-language documents of officers! Grounded in shallow water where the larger British ship could not follow men joined the New Orleans Lermatre ( p.! 'S capture in 1821 near Dzilam de Bravo in the nationally read Niles ' Weekly Register as `` major! Ashore, they met no resistance piracy in the mid-1920s, a private search for the first,... Biographer Jack Ramsay speculates that the voyage was intended to `` establish [ Lafitte ] as a privateering Captain.... Relatively quiet on the subject spent most of their fellow privateers after him. [ ]... The smugglers wanted to lynch the British raised a white flag and a! Lafitte '' well as those of their fellow privateers brother, Pierre served. Flew the flag of Mexico Orleans militia or as sailors to man the sailing... Pedro Aubry, a 40-ton schooner named General Santander 11 ] this was the year! To the Laffite brothers ' efforts, as well as those of their time engaging in piracy the... 19 ] when Claiborne returned to office, he sailed for New Orleans or independent privateers before becoming associated the... Offered a $ 500 reward for Lafitte they took 80 people captive, but they did not participate the...
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