Begins December 26 entry, very rainy. I worked under the meanest overseers, and got flogged and flogged, until I thought I should die.". She is described as the familys faithful colored servant Henrietta. The New York Times observed, "Files of newspapers of the five years following the passage of the Fugitive Slave Law are filled with stories of the kidnapping of free men in free States." Slaves from West Africa were first brought over to grow rice. Plantation records reveal nearly every aspect of plantation life. Clipping of J. H. Coltons map of the state of Louisiana and eastern part of Texas (1863) showing locations mentioned in Brandons account of his flight from Natchez. At Boone Hall Plantation Black history is not something that is defined by a certain time of year. What a pity, that amount would have supported you during the war. how Texas has been over stated. [1] [2] [3] p.3: Deaths on Trip to Texas, continued onto 4. She must be about 85 years old now. In 1987 the home was completely renovated and restored, perfectly duplicating the original construction. It is, rather, a living reminder of the truth of the Black experience during the time of slavery. My children must thank me for the attempt to save [?] Travels to Belton in buggy. By suing Ward for the wages she had lost while owned by Brandon, her lawyers made clear that a verdict for Wood was an acknowledgment of the evils of slavery itself. (The plantations were part of his wife's dowry.) Wood was among them. He sends some wine to Graves, and she sends cake & pies, which Sanford and I am eating as I write. Begins December 30 entry, hunting deer. He would charge $5 an acre for cleared land & let me pay for it by picking cotton at $1 per 100 pounds. For more on Able, see Able Family. Living very poor. His travels for land continue. Then, in 1878, jurors ruled that Ward should pay Wood for her enslavement. Some newspapers even predicted that lawsuits like hers would proliferate. The defendant was Zebulon Ward, a white man who had enslaved Wood 25 years before. The value of his real estate was $170,000 and his personal estate was $400,000. The Unknown No Longer: A Database of Virginia Slave Names website is the first online resource listing slaves names across all of slaveholding Virginia, the nations oldest state which had the largest enslaved population, numbering a half million people, at the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, society officials said. 1850 - According to the District Census, Boone Hall was producing 4,000,000 bricks per year using 85 slaves . Often they appeared in the records of the owners who owned slaves as human property, which to us sounds so obscene and alien, said Levengood, whos also a historian. By the 1850s, the interstate slave trade was booming, and the Whites saw dollar signs whenever they thought of Wood. Not so many complications of a legal nature arise out of the old relations of master and slave as might have been expected, the New York Tribune argued with barely concealed relief. Bowens was born at Drayton in 1908, and returned to Charleston from Chicago in the 1970s. The New York Times observed, Files of newspapers of the five years following the passage of the Fugitive Slave Law are filled with stories of the kidnapping of free men in free States. (In fact, free black Northerners had been kidnapped for years before the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.) See, Trinity River (specific place illegible, but may be Madisonville) (possibly by July 22, when he paid $28 for a ferry, according to page 5 of the journal), qq Transcribe relevant portions of Texas diary, qq Go through probate records on Ancestry. Notations on page 5 of his pocketbook indicate that on July 1, he first paid $140 for a ferry at Quitmans (a reference to a contemporary place in Adams County known as Quitmans Landing and referred to in papers and military records of that time; it was north of Natchez). They led me to archives in nine states in search of her story, which I tell in full for the first time in my new book, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America. Charles S. Darden Chilly weather. The 1860 slave census shows 52 slaves on Fish Haul. One is hiring negroes to go 300 miles west for the government. Brandon sends 40. With help from his mother's court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a house, started a family, and paid for his own schooling. Harrisonburg by the 16th, butcould not pass the pickets" and found that all the Ferries on Ouachita & Tensas were destroyed or strictly guarded. Backtracks to Alexandria. I cant quite tell my age, Wood recalled in a newspaper interview in 1876, but she knew she was born enslaved to the Tousey family between 1818 and 1820. She finally returned to Cincinnati in 1869, a free woman. Misses a dinner invitation from Graves. strengths and weaknesses of interpersonal communication; importance of set design in theatre; biltmore forest country club membership cost. Suggest edits to improve what we show. The database, which went online last September with 1,500 names, sets itself apart from the few other existing slave databases which limit themselves to specific plantations or to ship manifests that list the captives by their native African names, society officials said. In 1834, the teenager was bought by a merchant in Louisville and taken from her family. Few white Americans wished to dwell on those evils. As one put it, Wood's award was "not a liberal equivalent for the loss of liberty" she had suffered, but it would "be applicable to a great many cases yet untried.". The Foundation also has a photocopy of the original, which includes some pages not in the transcription and also reveals a number of errors in the typescript. Its a database for the ones that are coming up. Louisiana, U.S., Slave Manumission Records, 1719-1820. But Wood and her lawyers had argued that the case was about much more than damages from abduction. One half illegible. Enough to make a man gloomy. Reads Ellas letter. : Estate of Sara Brandon Rickey, 2000), 63n6., Thanks to Will Jones for locating Brandons name in the county tax rolls as part of his RA Assignments for Fall 2015., See Map of Robertson County, Portal to Texas History., Sandersons 72 slaves, valued at $64,800 appear in the Freestone County Tax Roles for 1864. Today, many reparations advocates look to legislation, targeting governments for their complicity in slavery and white supremacy. Their son Dunbar Merrill had a daughter named (Ruth Britton) Dunbar Merrill Flinn (1926-2006), whose attic contained many Brandon family papers before they were donated to the Historic Natchez Foundation.2. Brandon was also required to pay his wife $127,436 with legal interest and costs of suit. Brandon Hall Briars Plantation: Senderson Brighton Plantation :Mosby Brighton Woods Browmers Prissint: Adams Buckhunt Plantation: Mercer Canowa Plantation (on the Mississippi River): McAlroy, Metcalf Canowa Plantation (at Gaillards Lake): Ligon Carthage Plantation: Minor Cherry Grove Clermont Plantation: Nevitt Clifford Plantation Cliffs Plantation Updated Brandon Hall is a Greek Revival architecture style house built in 1856 in Washington, Mississippi, United States. 163, Probate Court, Adams County, Miss.) In 1834, the teenager was bought by a merchant in Louisville and taken from her family. ), so Poole (overseer) left, presumably with slaves. The postwar constitutional amendments that abolished slavery and extended national citizenship to ex-slaves enabled Wood to pursue Ward in federal court. The land on which Brandon Hall now stands first passed into private ownership as a royal grant from the Spanish King Carlos III in 1788. Captivating Houses, They led me to archives in nine states in search of her story, which I tell in full for the first time in my new book, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America. Henrietta Woods story began two centuries ago with her birth in northern Kentucky. whole race. If you are as captivated as I am, then spend as much time as you like, browsing through their historic beauty! Improve this listing Property amenities Free parking 468 Filed Under: Mississippi Natchez Natchez Begins October 3 entry. Buttermilk at Robertsons. Call List Agent for a Fact Sheet. Some newspapers even predicted that lawsuits like hers would proliferate. ] stream. She had not forgotten Ward and sued him the following year. Boone Hall was built on the backs of black slaves, who harvested cotton and pecans and produced brick on its grounds. Discovery Company. One user named Treebranch02 wrote last September: Well, I think I found the slave owner that owned my great, great, great grandfather but that is as far as I got. Ancestry places birth on December 5, 1864., See also this genealogy page and the Gerard Brandon children website., See Steven Brooke, The Majesty of Natchez (Gretna, La. The other refers to Sandys desire, like his, to hear from home. Then, in 1878, jurors ruled that Ward should pay Wood for her enslavement. They note that disenfranchisement and segregation only worsened the racial wealth gap, which was established under slavery and remains today. Most slaves were by their owners design and eventually by law forbidden to learn how to read and write, so they didnt leave us material that so many figures in the past did, Levengood said. Danish West Indies, Denmark, Records of Enslaved People, 1672-1917 After Brandon pursued several possible places to rent in Texas, Joseph S. Able, a resident of Robertson County, offered Brandon a place on his land with 300 acres in cultivation 2 cabins & corn on the ground as well as use of a mill. It was four years after the Confederate surrender before Wood was able to return up the river, where she tried to locate long-lost members of her family in Kentucky. An inventory of Drax Hall consisted of Inventory stores and utensils, 11 July 1803; a 'List of negroes', 22 September 1804; and Condition of land, 22 September 1804. A Warner Bros. Ward planned to make Wood the latest victim of this trade, but she resolved to fight. the joint wedding of Hoster's daughter Catelyn to Brandon Stark, eldest son and heir of Lord Rickard of Winterfell, and Lord Rickard's daughter Lyanna to Robert Baratheon, Lord of Storm's End. Pleasant, South Carolina, is one of America's oldest working plantations, with a history dating back to 1681. Brandon Hall C1856. ( photo 1; photo 2 ) Few white Americans wished to dwell on those evils. CNNs Athena Jones reported from Richmond, Virginia and Michael Martinez contributed from Los Angeles. It would have bought 20,000 in Confederate money at that time. Read more Suggest edits to improve what we show. Then the crops of choice became cotton and indigo. On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas,. Wonderful site.. Descendants identify the man in this photograph, found on Ancestry.com, as Brandon. Headed back to TX today using same route Brandon took with slaves, including Wood, in 1863. Unsure of his next steps, whether to visit home and be on the dodge all the time, the great fear I have is being sent to a northern prison.. 2023 Cable News Network. By 1878, white Northerners were retreating from Reconstruction. Now she watched nervously as the 12 jurors returned to their seats. After her suit, she moved with her son to Chicago. Eats water melons at Joness, drinks a mint julep, has dinner with good soup & a peach cobbler. On Monday (August 17?) His ancestors were slaves here, but the longtime math and science teacher at McComb High School felt no anger or bitterness. An affidavit provided by Brandon in a later lawsuit indicates he departed on July 1.5. Descendants of slave owners, slaves and freed slaves listen to a history of the plantation. A typed transcription made by Helen Rayne in 1999 (with parenthetical comments by Rayne throughout) was donated to the Dolph Briscoe Center by the Historic Natchez Foundation in 2001. The case was eventually dismissed. Brandon owning 287 horses, cattle, sheep & miscellaneous property, valued at $2120, and no real estate. This page also contains the line: Henrietta conducts herself well, as did some other enslaved people mentioned by name.9 But Brandon says I am really tired, sick of them and being with them, a perfect dogs life, & will disgust anyone with the . Today, it remains virtually unknown, even as reparations for slavery are once again in the headlines. An 1858 runaway slave ad for Elijah, who said Gerard Brandon was his owner, is in the Runaway Slaves in Mississippi project, edited by Douglas Chambers and Max Grivno, on p.536. H. Weir of Centerville, who hit me a dig.. Brandon kept a diary of his Texas sojourn which is probably held today by a family descendant. The Boone Hall Plantation, located in Mt. Slave traders met the demand by buying slaves in Virginia, Kentucky, and Maryland and selling them in the cotton states. When the Horlbeck family bought the plantation in 1817, they opened up a brickyard and began producing bricks using the clay from the nearby Wampacheone Creek. Phoebe is living with a good family for her food and clothing only. Also Brandon Hall in Reid Smith and John Owens, The Majesty of Natchez (Montgomery, Ala.: Paddle Wheel Publications, 1969): it is obvious that he, like so many of his contemporaries, had succumbed to the Greek Revival era of elegance. This property has much more to offer. In the eyes of Kentucky law, Wood was a slave. After 1815, as white settlers rushed into the lower Mississippi River Valley, many looked to purchase slaves to cultivate the region's most profitable crop. If you know of any others send the information to me. Today, many reparations advocates look to legislation, targeting governments for their complicity in slavery and white supremacy. So you may not know you have Virginia ancestors, but you could.. Though a fraction of what Wood had asked for, the amount would be worth nearly $65,000 today. Some pictures of the Brandon cemetery are on Flickr. The plantation, however, plays a role in the darkest period of American history. He had cautioned the jurors against an excessive award, claiming falsely that many former slaveholders already regretted slavery. Thats when you have to be creative.. He feels they are ungrateful even though he has done all he could to make them comfortable, I wont say satisfied. Wishes Poole had them on a place where had full work for them, could make them feel tired at night, & where others observed discipline, he might get along very well. His enslaved people have a wide freedom of movement at night, in a land where most of the people have no slaves, & have never been used to them, & where many say they want one for company. He fears how Poole will get along when I am gone. He will leave strict laws. Begins September 6 entry, awakened again at night by the cry of dogs & the yelling of men., Able reports a runaway, disputes over stolen money and trading done by Bill. When he died in 1951, after a long career as a lawyer, he left behind a large clan of descendants who were able to launch professional careers of their own, even as redlining and other racially discriminatory practices put a chokehold on the South Side neighborhoods where they lived. Brandon mentions his diary in a letter to his daughter Ella, dated October 21, 1863, and found in the Vonkersburg Family Collection at the Historic Natchez Foundation. Wood spent the next several years performing domestic work around Cincinnati. Friends visit from Waco. The land on which Brandon Hall now stands first passed into private ownership as a royal grant from the Spanish King Carlos III in 1788. So I find my negroes out of doors, & stock poor, corn high & some difficulty to get it, & separated from my family." It wasnt until she returned to Mississippi with Brandon in 1866 that she gained her freedom; she continued to work for Brandon, now promised a salary of $10 a month, but she would say she was never paid. Brandon strictly instructs them not to trade with anyone. and Mimy and three children $2505. Inside, behind the handsomely recessed main entrance, were parlor rugs from the Orient, services of English silver, mantels of the finest Italian marble and great pier mirrors from France., Since the 1860 slave schedule was not searchable at the time, the page numbers are provided for the Mississippi and Louisiana slave schedules., The affidavit says that on the 1st of July, 1863, the pending war, and the exigencies of the times compelled his hasty departure from this state for the state of Texas, where he was detained until February 1864. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874 when her lawyer was murdered by a clients husband in an unrelated divorce case. When African slavery was largely abolished in the mid-1800s, the center of plantation agriculture moved from the Americas to the Indo-Pacific region where the indigenous people . Evangeline Wayne is seated near the center, in a cream-colored coat. Historic house in Mississippi, United States, U.S. National Register of Historic Places, National Register of Historic Places listings in Adams County, Mississippi, The Clarion-Ledger: Historic house donated to Natchez foundation, Official website for Brandon Hall Plantation, History of the National Register of Historic Places, List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state, List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places, University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places, National Register of Historic Places portal, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brandon_Hall_(Washington,_Mississippi)&oldid=1090743436, Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Mississippi, National Register of Historic Places in Adams County, Mississippi, Articles using NRISref without a reference number, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 31 May 2022, at 03:54. $$$ info@brandonhallplantation.com Closed now 9:00 AM - 5:00 PM Poole gone to the field. Homesick thoughts, trying to read his Bible. The house was built c. 1765 by . Ward began to plot with a group of these notorious slave catchers. The gang located Woods employer in Cincinnati, a boardinghouse keeper named Rebecca Boyd, and paid her to join their scheme. Unfortunately Charlotte Brandon Stanton Merrill had little time to enjoy her undivided ownership of Brandon Hall because on January 27, 1914 the plantation, house and land, was sold at auction to one George Hightower as a result of default on promissory notes held by the First Natchez Bank. By suing Ward for the wages she had lost while owned by Brandon, her lawyers made clear that a verdict for Wood was an acknowledgment of the evils of slavery itself. Varina Banks Howell, dau of William & Margaret Howell, married Jefferson Davis on Feb 26, 1845 in the parlor of The Briars. Brandon was the eldest son of the Mississippi Governor Gerard Chittocque Brandon (1788-1850) and Margaret Chambers. Able. He strikes new deal with Able to settle on his land: he could let me heave as much land as Col. R. had offered, with 300 acres in cultivation, 2 cabins, & corn in the ground at $1 per barrel, and let me have the use of a mill , would charge $5 an acre for the cleared land & let me pay for it by picking cotton at $1 per 100 pounds. Brandon agrees. That story began two centuries ago with Wood's birth in northern Kentucky. She would one day recall that period of her life as a sweet taste of liberty.. He owned 700 to 800 slaves on several plantations, and he "put me to work at once in the cotton field," she said. The whole country bleeds and is in mourning. A Natchez refugee visits and told of many negroes who went to Yankees, that Billy Sanderson had killed himself drinking with them, that Freds wife had been hung, that Merrill was giving them dinner parties &c. but had heard never a word of my family. Feelings of worry and suspense. All accommodations at this luxury home have private in-room (not shared) bathrooms. Cobbler and corn bread with another host. I wanted to be able to see and connect the dots.. Returns from Salado to reports of death, including Henrietta has just come to say Diceys little boy is dead. After moving to Ables, All at Home for the war. Description of the Able Family , and another Mississippi refugee named Williams.10 Difficulty getting a beef he had paid for. This description comes from Mortuary Customs and Beliefs of South Carolina Negroes, published in 1894 by May A. Waring in the Atlanta Constitution: The bulk of his papers are in several collections at Historic Natchez Foundation. Two of Brandons brothers were killed in battle, one at Chancellorsville and one at Fredricksburg (p.329). Begins October 21, the most melancholly day I have had in Texas. James (Jim) leaves for home & from thence to the army., Begins October 25 entry. The Agricultural census of 1860 shows 250 improved acres, 450 unimproved, valued at $10,000. The corn we sold yesterday brought 3.15$ per barrel. is brandon hall plantation haunted? I first learned of Wood from two interviews she gave to reporters in the 1870s. Discovered that several men (Isaac, [Matt] & Charley) had been in the hog business, cost me $30 (noted in ledger on p.9, Brandons page 14); medicine scarce; Oh! Celebrates Christmas with Graves and Dr. Vital statistics in the below list draw on the Brandon Children website and a public family tree on Ancestry. But Gerard Rickey notes in an email from November 23, 2016, that there is also a Henrietta mentioned in the memoir of James Brandons son Gerard Brandon (the nephew of the GB who owned Henrietta Wood). Smithsonian magazine participates in affiliate link advertising programs. The freedom suit had prevented Ward from selling Wood for nearly two years, but in 1855, he took her to a Kentucky slave-trading firm that did business in Natchez, Mississippi. ( photo) Brandon House , ca. The family plans to occupy the. Saturday April 17, 2021 The widely acclaimed Slave Dwelling Project comes to Natchez April 17 as part of an effort designed to bring attention to the world of the enslaved in the Natchez District. This site should be used for informational and entertainment purposes only. "Not so many complications of a legal nature arise out of the old relations of master and slave as might have been expected," the New-York Tribune argued with barely concealed relief. In the 1863 tax sales the property was sold to the Federal government for . In December 2009 the home was purchased by Ron and Kathy Garber of Lafayette, Louisiana, who opened it for Bed and Breakfast accommodation. With numerous slaves and landholdings in Mississippi and Louisiana, Brandon was one of the wealthiest planters in Natchez when the Civil War began. It was four years after the Confederate surrender before Wood was able to return up the river, where she tried to locate long-lost members of her family in Kentucky. Born into bondage in Kentucky, Wood testified, she had been granted her freedom in Cincinnati in 1848, but five years later she was kidnapped by Ward, who sold her, and she ended up enslaved on a Texas plantation until after the Civil War. Going directly from Alexandria to Sabinetown suggests that he crossed the swampy region between those places directly, avoiding the roads. Visit our corporate site at https://futureplc.comThe Week is a registered trade mark. Future US LLC, 10th floor, 1100 13th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. In 1807, at the death of Benjamin Harrison III (1743-1807), his will divided the . Parole denied for RFK assassin Sirhan Sirhan, Ship that sank in 1894 discovered in Lake Huron, Why Fox News pushed Trump's bogus election claims, Tennessee governor says photo of him in skirt and wig irrelevant to drag show ban, Jurassic-era insect discovered at Arkansas Walmart, Why space experts want to establish a lunar time zone. All they needed was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again. These 81 years extended from Mississippi's frontier days during the period of grace and plenty before the Civil War, and through the South's darkest hours after the war. Brandons family was one of the staunchest supporters of the Confederacy in the area. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874, when her lawyer was murdered by a client's husband in an unrelated divorce case. Cookie Settings, Illustration by Cliff Alejandro; Source material: W. Caleb McDaniel; NYPL (3), Subscribe to Smithsonian magazine now for just $12, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America, Dried Lake Reveals New Statue on Easter Island. Mitchell.. Carter said the original documents digitized on the site will help her uncover more of her own familys history in Virginia, as well as help her students learn about the era. did desi arnaz jr have a stroke; moose tracks vs cow tracks ice cream All rights reserved. After Brandon and his wife died, the property changed hand numerous times, and with each sale, the vast acreage diminished. When I am gone at Chancellorsville and one at Fredricksburg ( p.329 ), 1878! When the Civil war began nearly every aspect of plantation life are again. From home what a pity, that amount would be worth nearly 65,000! 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