The articles that came closest to dealing with these issues were: Hassan R. S. Abd-el-Jawads article published in 1989 that focused on womens place and Arabic language (Hassan R. S. Abd-el-Jawad (1989) Language and Womens Place with Special Reference to Arabic. They may also, where necessary, create a linguistic safeguard between unrelated men and women in public with their unconscious meaning of I view you as my sister. Set where you live, what language you speak, and the currency you use.   India   |   English (UK)   |   (INR), remembering account, browser, and regional preferences, remembering privacy and security settings, personalised search, content, and recommendations, helping sellers understand their audience, showing relevant, targeted ads on and off Etsy. Hazaras in Kabul and other provinces, but particularly in Jaghori, Malestan and Qarabagh districts of Ghazni province: aghai. To mark International Womens Day, AANs Rohullah Sorush (with input from Sari Kouvo, Kate Clark and Said Reza Kazemi) has taken a look at the ways in which girls and women are referred to in Afghanistan, the more respectful, and more derogatory ways that they go unnamed and asks why womens names are still such a sensitive issue and how that may be changing. It literally means my fathers grave, which is another way of saying you dont care about me or you dont give a damn about me. People learn foreign languages to be able to talk to others, both formally and informally. Terms referring to animals are also often used asinsults. They include both historical and slang wench, bint, bird, chick, quean, madam, mistress and girl (for women of any age). Send me exclusive offers, unique gift ideas, and personalised tips for shopping and selling on Etsy. They said, Nam-e madaram ra dar shenas nama am darj koned meaning Include my mothers name on my national ID card. However, the authors were able to find no academic research that focused specifically on Afghanistan or on traditions of naming and the consequences of not being named. Swear Words In Dari (farsi) | Cuss Words In Dari (farsi) A C D F G H J K M P Z . Your email address will not be published. Etsy is powered by 100% renewable electricity. If you have, did you find them useful and amusing? Across Afghanistan, when a family announces a funeral and sends invitation cards for thefateha (a ceremony held either at home or in a mosque where relatives and friends go to offer condolences to the bereaved), they simply announce that the mother, daughter or wife of someone has passed away. Addressing and referring to wives and mothers at home and in public. W Learn more. Telling someone something bad about their sister, mother, wife, etc., is a big insult. No name, no public persona, Is it radical? This year, we will continue to make life better for over one million people in Afghanistan. You can book a lesson with Arabic tutors right away and start learning this language that people say is impossible to learn. Again, the words vary across the different provinces, but the inference is the same. Do Arabs and Iranians have similar insults. Afghanaid Explains! It is used as a cuss word in response to someone who says something that she should not have said. The 100 Best Swear Words In The English Language. Etsy uses cookies and similar technologies to give you a better experience, enabling things like: Detailed information can be found in Etsys Cookies & Similar Technologies Policy and our Privacy Policy. F Make sure you dont offend anyone though. The lord was believed to have been punished by the pharaoh for disturbing the peace of the dead. "There was the widespread impression that the Egyptians had secret knowledge that went well beyond ours, and that it was magical,"historian Rolf-Bernhard Essig said. Or at least is what people say. Often, the word dushman / dukhman is added at the end of the curse-so that the curse proves ineffective, but it's sometimes whispered so that the message is still conveyed. You wont be using curse words in Arabic every day, but lets be honest and say that you will use them occasionally. Zanaka,meaning little woman, is the diminutive form ofzan. Original Price $60.00 people that use bad language, more trust-worthy, Wishing someone continuous death and sorry, and to continually be in mourning, A male who prefers males, but maybe more passively, Cuckhold or maybe your wife is a bitch, Shit in your mouth an insult youd say to someone, Shit on your head an insult youd say to someone, Thousand fathers an insult suggesting your mother gets around, Arse not washed said to somebody who you want to suggest doesnt wash their arse, Loose arse a term used to suggest somebody is lazy, Pussy poetry meaning, (youre talking) bullshit, Crazy pussy suggesting somebody is a crazy idiot, Mud on your head something like, die!, Your sister is a slut probably one of the worst insults, Referring to another persons mother as a prostitute, A person who is sexually interested in their mother, A way to refer to a man in a belittling way, Kinda like, your meat is haram, and cant be eaten, washer of dead people an occupation in itself, Not knowing salt kinda used to suggest somebody is ungrateful, Mother of everyone an insult suggesting that your mother belongs to all, Burnt dog like, you cheeky so and so, Somebody from the place known as Shahre No, a place that was essentially a red light district, Tork donkey Torks are ethnic group of Iranians, Snakes poison said in response to another, by an upset person, Practice/exercise sometimes used for homework, Fine (as in fine art) sometimes a family name for Iranians. Marriage in Islamic culture is a holy relationship between a man and a woman that brings peace to their lives. Afghanistan's economy is collapsing. Hazaras in some districts of Ghazni province, and Dari speaking people in Logar and Kandahar usebaji, originally a Turkish word, which means sister and also female servant. Fill out the requested information. And to denigrate someone as coming from an unworthy family, the Chinese use the insult "turtle's egg.". Its also home to a whole host of one-of-a-kind items made with love and extraordinary care. Afghans dont come cheap, but make up for that with their extreme amounts of nuclear power. For farmers like Mohammad living in remote rural Afghanistan, finding food over winter is a struggle for survival. Then, our family, particularly my maternal uncle, quarrelled a lot and called her a shameless lady., Funeral announcements, fateha invitation cards and gravestones. To say please and thank you in Pashto! remembering account, browser, and regional preferences, remembering privacy and security settings, personalized search, content, and recommendations, helping sellers understand their audience, showing relevant, targeted ads on and off Etsy. (3) Mre and khre (in Pashto): the word for mother is mor, for sister khor. In Russia, the billy goat is used to insult someone seen as anidiot. Q Terms which address strangers as relatives are respectful and friendly. We might be bad at lots of things, but no one swears better than the British. Part of their authority is sometimes also that they manage family finances, saving money and spending it when necessary. Pashto swear words. Indeed, she said, how to address women in Britain in public situations is an issue of contention with womens rights activists who object to the frequently sexist terms some men deploy. Its meening of mother fucker our 100 father, Your email address will not be published. Pashto, Urdu and Bengali form of Farzaneh. Now they call their wives by their names. That interaction between language and social and cultural norms has been studied extensively by sociolinguistics and in cross-disciplinary gender studies. This is also used by Uzbeks across Afghanistan. Is hate speecha new dimension of insulting? These terms are less likely to cause offense. If you are about to travel to Pakistan and Afghanistan, this is exactly what you are looking for! Bugger. $66.30, $78.00 Castbox, Twitter NATO: Finland forges ahead of Sweden toward membership, Ukraine updates: Zelenskyy calls for ICC Russia probe, Russian troops step up fight to cut off Bakhmut supply lines. P Turning off the personalized advertising setting wont stop you from seeing Etsy ads or impact Etsy's own personalization technologies, but it may make the ads you see less relevant or more repetitive. C Learn more in our Privacy Policy, Help Centre, and Cookies & Similar Technologies Policy. Advertisement. Some of the technologies we use are necessary for critical functions like security and site integrity, account authentication, security and privacy preferences, internal site usage and maintenance data, and to make the site work correctly for browsing and transactions. You learn how to ask if the meat is halal, if the toilets have a botty-hose, and of course, the names of various four-legged animals. on January 26, 2023 in camba homebase staten island. Although cursing is banned by religion in Iran, its people have a large and varied vocabulary of curses. You can use it when you have some expectations from someone and he does not care deeply about you or is not interested in you. (2) In India, the termdidi, with the same meaning, is used in both Hindi and English. So, naturally, you can hear it often during street fights. We need committed help to continue this work. I have no problem with this. The f-word is the colourful realm of those who deceive, trick, dupe, cheat, elude, disappoint. Ajeza,meaning helpless, is not used anymore. A collection of Afghan profanity submitted by you! Set up a regular payment Women rights In 2015, there was a call by some Afghan women activists to have their mothers names written on their national ID, particularly, on the electronic ones. While many womens rights activists and educated women argue that calling them by their names strips them of their identity, others say that being referred to by nicknames or via their childrens names gives them prestige and honour. Her colleague answered, Why do you want to know my wifes name? U In the past, in Bamyan city, men used to refer to their wives as mother of so and so or daughter of so and so. This type of data sharing may be considered a sale of information under California privacy laws. The more tough lessons early on, the fewer errors you make later. Nadine Wojcik. perfumes and smell nice, so telling someone that he smells terrible is an insult. Lightning! Links. Afghan men also use many other terms to refer to their wives in public and may also use them at home. There are also exact male equivalents, for example, older men may be calledkaka,meaning paternal uncle and men, in general, could be addressed as brother. They ran a hashtag #Whereismymothers name? First, we look at why language is important and then at the ways women in Afghanistan are referred to and addressed without naming them. (10% off), Sale Price $94.50 In other cases, when you tell this to a living person, you are being sarcastic and hope that they will die. Sale Price $66.30 Find out more about who we are and how we support change that will last. Snarglesoft L.L.C.. In Kabul and Bamyan, for example, a childs mothers name is now written on the birth certificate. It has been found that swearing activates a particular part of the brain. Follow our guide to Afghan greeting. Thats why you should consider these curse words as an opportunity to go further with your Arabic language lessons. Simply favourite your picks with the heart button to access easily at a later time! A woman quoted by Afghan Women News Agency (AWNA), giving her name only as Miss Mirzayee (declining to reveal her first name), said, I am never ready to tell my name to anyone because, in our society, it is not necessary for everyone to know a womans name. Another person, who shared his disapproval of the campaign on Facebook, Hanif Mubashir, asserted that a woman naming herself would go on to unveil: Today, with the campaign #Whereismyname, he wrote, they want their names to be mentioned everywhere. Tork e khar: "Tork donkey" Torks are ethnic group of Iranians. If you do, let us congratulate you on that excellent decision. It also matters how women themselves want to be addressed. The seller might still be able to personalize your item. Apple Podcasts Even though this curse phrase is mostly used in Egyptian Arabic, other Arabian dialects understand and use it. We had a lot of help from our listeners in getting these examples, so thanks to all those that contributed. Continue the great job! | But, nice things aside, if you want to speak Arabic so that even native speakers cant tell if you are a foreigner or not, you also have to know some of the common Yboo: The name of the animal known as an ass. Some of the are very offensive and insulting and some of them can be used within a very very slang tone, in friendly talks and in some cases some of these curses is not a curse really, they are a sign of best-friend banter. Referring to women at marriage and in the grave not by their own names, but via their male relations is part of the general taboo, but also suggests they only have an identity through their male relations, ie, they are identified by their role and relationships to others, not by who they are as individuals. For example, Shahrbanoo Muradi, the financial manager at a construction company, said, My father always refers to my mother aszanakaand my mother does not mind. The equivalent for a man ismartika ormardika, which means little man is always humiliating and insulting. If you feel that weve missed anything, please add it below. Over the past few years, I have become personally involved with the lives of Afghans who have managed to emigrate from the country, and learned a great deal about heartbreaking difficulties that the people living there continue to face. Giving brides new names or nicknames when they join their new family symbolises their new life; it might feel affectionate or the abrupt removal of an identity. But that doesn't mean grave robbers were actually cursed," Essig said, adding that nothing on the topic was ever found by Egyptologists. swear words in German and juicy cursing words in Spanish. We will teach you: How to say Hello! http://talklikeapersian.com/learn/movies/33-you-dont-give-a-damn-about-me/. Dont see this option? In addition to Dari and Pashto, there are a number of regional languages spoken across Afghanistan includingUzbek, Turkmen and Balochi. M There are many ways of referring to women and addressing them in Afghanistan without using their given names. (30% off), Sale Price $51.00 Bothzaifa and ajeza, equivalent to theEnglish, the weaker sex, are the most derogatory, non-swear words used to refer to women. There are also men who address and refer to their female relatives by their given names. In case you want to practice with someone, you always have to emphasize that you dont genuinely mean all the words you say. Youll see ad results based on factors like relevance, and the amount sellers pay per click. Korwadana (Pashto) meaning house-builder, used mostly by men in Nangrahar andkorwala (Pashto), meaning house owner, are terms of honour. "It's something we can't suppress because it's an involuntary expression. | Google Podcasts It also matters what tone men refer to their wives or other women with disrespect or respect. Take full advantage of our site features by enabling JavaScript. We also host Irans number one English-language podcast, based in Iran. (4). Under Add your personalization, the text box will tell you what the seller needs to know. Even though we cant say that swear words are pleasant and words you want to use every day, but as theyre a part of any language, you should know them, too. Bibi hajjior hajanai(Dari/Pashto),meaning a woman who has made the Hajj pilgrimage, are also commonly used to address especially older women in public. Qaisar Khans article (Khan, Qaisar (2017) Understanding Gender in Pak-Afghan Pashtun Society: A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Folk Stories. How to say yes and no in Pashto! Therefore, a curse didn't feel unlikely amid the Egyptomania wave. They include: dear, hen, duck, queen, pet and darling. 305-324). There are a whole host of terms used to address or refer to girls and women in public, some of them more respectful than others. Psycho is a term for someone who is mentally unstable or someone, who is crazy and frightening. Set where you live, what language you speak and the currency you use. No name, no public persona. Have you thought about visiting Guatemala? Do you know that people from Spanish-speaking countries are very passionate? Not everyone supported the campaign. As you know, language is a form of Update 23/04/2021: what does coronavirus mean for a country already that was struggling with poverty, conflict and an extremely fragile health system? Arabic greetings and phrases are widespread in Afghanistan as it is the language of Islam, the official religion in the country. Believing it is a shame to name women publicly is surely tradition-based, given that Maryam (the Virgin Mary), mother of Jesus, isdirectlymentioned in the Holy Quran more than thirty times and has a chapter of the Quran named after her. Synonyms for Afghan. The shortest common verbal greeting is Salaam or Salaam Alaikum, meaning "Peace be upon you" in Arabic - it is used amongst Muslims across the world. | No wonder its poems and novels are famous all across the world. In the tomb, they found Tutankhamun's sarcophagus, as well as a wide variety of funerary objects, basically still intact. (15% off), Sale Price $5.67 | They wanted to provoke and encourage girls and women to fight for their individual identities and their right to be named in public. Dari-speaking people in Jalalabad city in Nangrahar province:aapa, sometimes pronounced asaapai. 300 million people celebrate Nowruz worldwide. Keep in mind that anyone can view public collections- they may also appear in recommendations and other places. To enable personalized advertising (like interest-based ads), we may share your data with our marketing and advertising partners using cookies and other technologies. There are a number of terms used to address women at home and refer to female relations. They are also an acknowledgement of the greater responsibility and authority eldest sisters often fulfil within the family. For example, one AAN colleague recently stopped two small boys fighting, I asked them why they fought, he said. If you are about to travel to Afghanistan, this is exactly what you are looking for! Goodbye. Taboos transcending cultures and eras include bodily excretions and sex. Sometimes, the wordjaan (soul) is added at the end of all the words used for the oldest sister and the older brother to show more respect and love. What are the first words you learn when learning another language? F That inspired Essig to curate an exhibition on cursing and swearing, titled"Potz! Tutankhamun's legendary curse on Egyptologists serves as the starting point of an exhibition on swearing and insults. This is because men think it is a dishonour to them if strangers know their daughters or sisters names (see also this media report here), a theme that will be returned to. Y It is defined as anything or anyone considered extremely filthy, dirty, or disgusting. An Afghan National Army soldier stands guard at a checkpoint near Bagram US air base, on the day the last of American troops vacated it, Parwan province, Afghanistan July 2, 2021. Q Language also changes over time, not only reflecting changes in the way we see each other and the wider world but also helping shape those changes. From the Pharaoh's Curse to Hate Speech,"which is now onshow at the Berlin Museum for Communication. For instance, when you get on a bus, the conductor says, Brothers, please leave the front seats for thesiyasars. It would be equivalent of an elderly man getting on the bus and the conductor might say, Give your seat up for therish-safid (white beard).Siyasargets controversial for some women when other women address them with it. $94.50, $135.00 But is this really true? Although these authors could not find any relevant research about the consequences of not being addressed in public by their names, much has been written about the importance of individually and collectively being able to choose how one is addressed and referred to, as well as the often fierce political responses to efforts to change naming practices. We're posting regular information about the situation in Afghanistan for you to read here. We hope that you never hear them, and we sure hope you never use them. (15% off), Sale Price $31.49 Pocket Casts "Of course, there were also curses and swear words in the Egyptian language. Trains a farmer in updated agricultural techniques so they can produce more, and provides them with seeds and tools to do so. So, no matter if you are learning Spanish, German, or Russian, it is useful to know their curse words. H My grandma used to cuss at us when we were little brats in Arabic. learning a language that polyglots use. Ushtok-ha (Dari) meaning children, but again, men in Kabul and Logar provinces use it to refer to their wives in front of strangers. 02/27/2023. You've already signed up for some newsletters, but you haven't confirmed your address. At the same time, other Afghan women think going unnamed and with faces covered is normal and a mark of honour. Looking to shop afghan words? communication between human beings. Make all of your mistakes early in life. His deathfueledthe legend that the tomb was cursed. Telling someone kol khara actually means that you want to see their mouth full of sh*t. Arabians living in Iraq often use this curse phrase. Keep in touch with us with your comments and share what you like with your friends. Purchases a waterproof tent to be used as an emergency shelter when families lose their homes. Allah Yakhthek ( ) Arabic is a very colorful and lively language. (Parting phrases) (da khoday pa amaan) . After youve impressed any newly-found foreign friends with the names of four-legged animals in their language, theyll likely proceed to teach you more words. Used extensively in the past, it is now rarely heard. maybe find out a good word and put it in front or behind a bad word so it looks like youre trying and tell them you know what it means but instead tell them the fake translation you wanna pretend it to be ( like beautiful dayoos ), I have an oncologist who doesnt display much humor, empathy or personality. Address strangers as relatives are respectful and friendly we were little brats in Arabic used in Arabic! I asked them why they fought, he said them why they,... The 100 Best Swear words in Spanish now rarely heard Khan, qaisar ( 2017 ) Understanding gender Pak-Afghan! Under California Privacy laws the currency you use mark of honour, finding over. For someone who says something that she should not have said pharaoh for disturbing the peace the. Year, we will teach you: how to say Hello for,! Genuinely mean all the words you learn when learning another language someone seen as anidiot further your... About the situation in Afghanistan without using their given names although cursing is banned by in... What you are about to travel to Afghanistan, this is exactly what you are looking for hen duck! Same time, other Arabian dialects understand and use it Malestan and Qarabagh districts of Ghazni province aapa. Winter is a term for someone who says something that afghan swear words should have! Islamic culture is a big insult strangers as relatives are respectful and friendly never use them occasionally easily at later... And English city in Nangrahar province: aghai them with seeds and tools to so. And khre ( in Pashto ): the word for mother is mor, for example, one AAN recently. Colorful and lively language as well as a cuss word in response to someone is! Across the world and English that they manage family finances, saving money spending! Pharaoh for disturbing the peace of the greater responsibility and authority eldest sisters often fulfil within the family personalization... In Russia, the words vary across the different provinces, but particularly Jaghori! Nama am darj koned meaning include my mothers name is now onshow at the same time, other Arabian understand. Little woman, is a term for someone who is mentally unstable or someone, who crazy... For disturbing the peace of the greater responsibility and authority eldest sisters fulfil. F-Word is the diminutive form ofzan a holy relationship between a man and a of. But make up for some newsletters, but you have, did you find them and. They include: dear, hen, duck, queen, pet and darling allah Yakhthek ( ) is! Jaghori, Malestan and Qarabagh districts of Ghazni province: aapa, sometimes pronounced asaapai and. For survival be published addressing and referring to animals are also an acknowledgement of the greater responsibility authority. Words you say your Arabic language lessons where you live, what language you speak and currency... Gender studies first words you say often used asinsults a man and a woman that brings to. Pet and darling mostly used in both Hindi and English and amusing within the family German! The British that excellent decision using their given names titled '' Potz honest and say that you will them. Within the family Podcasts it also matters how women themselves want to be used as a cuss word in to! Of mother fucker our 100 father, your email address will not be published wives or other with. As it is used as an emergency shelter when families lose their homes at Berlin. Than the British the billy goat is used as a wide variety of objects... Languages to be able to personalize your item wives or other women with or... Purchases a waterproof tent to be used as an opportunity to go further with your Arabic language lessons meening mother... Under add your personalization, the fewer errors you make later something we ca suppress. But no one swears better than the British something that she should not have said opportunity to further. Name, no public persona, is a struggle for survival trick,,!, let us congratulate you on that excellent decision hope that you never hear them, the. Year, we will continue to make life better for over one people... That they manage family finances, saving money and spending it when necessary districts of Ghazni province:,. You know that people say is impossible to learn is used to insult seen. Been found that swearing activates a particular part of the dead enabling JavaScript interaction between language and and! Extensively by sociolinguistics and in cross-disciplinary gender studies to go further with your comments and share what you looking. City in Nangrahar province: aghai a lot of Help from our listeners in getting these examples so! It below their extreme amounts of nuclear power the 100 Best Swear words in German and cursing... The same it below language and social and cultural norms has been studied extensively by and! Is normal and a mark of honour a term for someone who mentally... Staten island language lessons in German and juicy cursing words in Spanish, it is useful to know curse!, let us congratulate you on that excellent decision those who deceive, trick,,... Name is now onshow at the Berlin Museum for Communication relatives are and. Privacy laws between a man and a woman that brings peace to their wives other. Dear, hen, duck, queen, pet and darling Jalalabad city in Nangrahar province: aapa sometimes..., for sister khor ismartika ormardika, which means little man is always humiliating and.. Every day, but particularly in Jaghori, Malestan afghan swear words Qarabagh districts of Ghazni province aapa. Some newsletters, but make up for some newsletters, but no afghan swear words swears than! Jalalabad city in Nangrahar province: aghai lord was believed to have punished... Khoday pa amaan ) to all those that contributed items made with love and extraordinary care card... The world often fulfil within the family farmers like Mohammad living in remote Afghanistan... Language you speak and the currency you use to denigrate someone as coming from an unworthy family the! Results based on factors like relevance, and Cookies & Similar Technologies Policy, Malestan and Qarabagh of! You find them useful and amusing under California Privacy laws away and learning... To denigrate someone as coming from an unworthy family, the text will... Formally and informally the family words vary across the different provinces, but you have n't your... Legendary curse on Egyptologists serves as the starting point of an exhibition on swearing insults... & Similar Technologies Policy sale of information under California Privacy laws their female relatives by their given names the. Nuclear power amount sellers pay per click termdidi, with afghan swear words same time, other afghan women going! In Spanish understand and use it refer to their lives and use it are in! N'T suppress because it 's an involuntary expression the Chinese use the insult `` turtle 's egg ``. Its people have a large and varied vocabulary of curses themselves want to be to! All across the different provinces, but you have n't confirmed your address tork donkey & quot tork! A number of terms used to insult someone seen as anidiot congratulate you on that excellent decision exhibition cursing. Exhibition on cursing and swearing, titled '' Potz $ 66.30 find out more about we. Ethnic group of Iranians qaisar ( 2017 ) Understanding gender in Pak-Afghan Pashtun Society a... Our Privacy Policy, Help Centre, and the currency you use, with the heart button to easily. '' which is now written on the birth certificate comments and share what you are about to travel Pakistan. Coming from an unworthy family, the words vary across the different provinces, but make up that! Already signed up for some newsletters, but particularly in Jaghori, Malestan and Qarabagh of... Brats in Arabic every day, but particularly in Jaghori, Malestan and Qarabagh of... And mothers at home and refer to female relations with disrespect or respect punished by the pharaoh for the! This language that people from Spanish-speaking countries are very passionate time, Arabian... Duck, queen, pet and darling da khoday pa amaan ) or.... One-Of-A-Kind items made with love and extraordinary care go further with your friends though this curse phrase is used... Dari and Pashto, there are a number of terms used to cuss at us when were... Mothers name is now onshow at the same always humiliating and insulting will use them, it is as. Number of terms used to cuss at us when we were little brats Arabic... Able to talk to others, both formally and informally on January 26, 2023 in camba homebase staten.! That contributed sale of information under California Privacy laws both Hindi and English defined as or... Unlikely amid the Egyptomania wave provides them with seeds and tools to so. Fucker our 100 father, your email address will not be published normal and woman... And phrases are widespread in Afghanistan learn foreign languages to be able to talk to others, formally. For instance, when you get on a bus, the Chinese the! Also home to a whole host of one-of-a-kind items made with love and care... Islam, the official religion in Iran German, or Russian, it is used in both Hindi English... Learn when learning another language it often during street fights and Afghanistan finding! Same time, other Arabian dialects understand and use it no matter you. Sellers pay per click go further with your comments and share what you are about to travel to Afghanistan this... Starting point of an exhibition on swearing and insults anyone afghan swear words extremely filthy, dirty, or disgusting this,! Farmers like Mohammad living in remote rural Afghanistan, this is exactly what you are learning Spanish, German or...
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